[Bp_ipv6] Good article on IPv6

[Michael Oghia]

Google: There are three certainties in life – death, taxes and IPv6And
TCP-killer QUIC, right? Everyone loves QUIC
16 Sep 2016 at 07:03, Kieren McCarthy
<http://www.theregister.co.uk/Author/2886>

*CloudFlare Internet Summit* As internet engineer jokes go, Google's Ilya
Grigorik came up with a good one. On stage to answer the question "what can
we expect from the internet in 2020?", he offered:

As far as I can tell, by 2020, we will have flying cars, singularity... and
IPv6.

It's an amusing but pointed stab at the fundamental internet protocol that
was created 20 years ago and still stubbornly refuses to be adopted.
Something to do with the geniuses at the IETF (Internet Engineering Task
Force) deciding not to make it backwards compatible with IPv4.

But, despite the long, long delay, Google and Grigorik are starting to get
optimistic about IPv6. "In the last three years, we have seen its use
double every year," noted Google's web performance engineer, swiftly
getting ahead of the obvious retort, "yes, from 0.1 per cent to 0.2 per
cent to 0.4."

But in truth, we are now seeing over 50 per cent use of IPv6 over mobile
networks <http://www.theregister.co.uk/2016/08/22/ipv6_tipping_point/>, and
Google sees it used in 10 per cent of cases across the whole internet. That
should bring with it a whole new class of apps, Grigorik enthused.

But what he really wanted to talk about was Google's replacement for
another veteran internet protocol: TCP. TCP and its brother IP are the
reason billions of us get to enjoy the internet we do today, but it is also
old and, in Grigorik's words, "ossified."

Google's answer is QUIC – its version of UDP and standing for Quick UDP
Internet Connection. Google started pushing QUIC last year
<http://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/04/17/google_quic_test_results/> and in
that time, Grigorik said, it has been able to create "20 to 30 iterations
of it – which allows us to innovate." TCP? Not so much.

QUIC's big advantage is in real-time apps, and it's faster and more
reliable than TCP because it's not dependent on the operating system.

And while talking about replacing and updating the old protocols that we
have built the internet on, Grigorik is also keen on HTTP/2. It has been
out there for over a year (RFC 7540 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7540>)
and can boast significant improvement on the protocol we have all come to
know (and love?).

"HTTP/2 addresses the limitations of the previous protocol that was design
to fetch documents," Grigorik noted. "Today, the internet delivers
applications and that means lots of connections and handshakes [over HTTP]
that are unnecessary."

Google has seen significant improvements using HTTP/2 – not something that
users will necessary notice but which internet infrastructure companies
definitely do. "We've seen improvements of up to 30 to 50 per cent," he
said.

As for the everyday internet in 2020, Grigorik predicts more bandwidth, and
latency down "a little." Uncontroversially, he expects there to be billions
of new users online and he expects them to enjoy the sort of speeds that
those of us in the developed world enjoy currently, but with the developed
world leaping ever ahead – faster and faster. The digital gap is going
nowhere, it's just that everyone will be better off.

As for CloudFlare's CTO John Graham-Cumming, he thinks the big change by
2020 will be in encryption. "I think we'll find that unencrypted protocols
will be pariahs," he predicted. ®
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